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Click here for a printer-ready version of this section in Word format The bibliography --the final item in a term paper-is a formal list of all the sources used in your research. Sources of all types appear together in this list, simply arranged in alphabetical order according to the first letter of each entry. Note that the first line of each entry begins at the left-hand margin, while any following lines are indented. (Use your computer's "Hanging Indent" feature.) The following models show current MLA format for many types of print sources. (A separate handout covers Internet sources and other electronic material.) If you need more information or further models, see the MLA Handbook in the Reference Section of the library, ask your teacher, or visit the Learning Centre.
Heading for an MLA bibliography: Works Cited (centre it at the top of the page) Basic Format for a Book: 
If the book has two or three authors, list all the names (only the first name is in reverse order) Wilson, Alan, Katherine Miller, and Edna Morgan.
A Social History of Medieval Europe. London: Tower Press,
1976. If there are more than three authors, name the first one, and use the Latin abbreviation "et al." Black, Walter, et al. Teaching
Shakespeare. 3rd ed. Chicago: Banner Books, 1988. A translated book (translator's name follows the title) Malraux, André. Man's Fate. Trans.
H. M. Chevalier. New York: Random House, 1961. An essay in a book of essays (author of the essay is named first; editor's name follows the book title; entry ends with page numbers of the entire essay) Porter, Ellen B. "The Bureaucratic Elite."
Essays on Canadian Politics. Ed. Timothy Barnes. Toronto:
York Publishers, 1991. 56-59. A poem or short story in an anthology (as above, entry ends with page numbers of the entire item) Chopin, Kate. "The Story of an Hour."
America's Short Fiction. Ed. Grace G. Millar. Chicago: Midwest Press,
1978. 121-125. Article in a weekly or monthly periodical (following the title of the magazine / journal, give the date or month of the issue, the year, and then the page numbers of the entire article) Anderson, James. "Springtime in Patagonia."
National Geographic Oct. 1997: 46-51. Journal article in a periodical that is published annually or several times a year (if pages are numbered continuously through all issues of the year, give the volume number only) Woodridge, Frank. "The Private Company."
Business Law Quarterly 56 (1990): 317-331. …Business Law Quarterly 56.3 (1990): 317-331. Newspaper article (if the city is not part of the newspaper's name, include it in square brackets) Fisk, Roberta. "The Threat of Global Warming."
The Gazette [Montreal] 17 Jan. 1999: D12. Pamphlet (treated like a book; if no individual author is named, begin with the title) Reducing Cancer Risks in the Workplace.
Washington: American Cancer Society, 2001. Encyclopedia article---signed (begin with the name of the article's author) Tucker, David G. "Sonar." Encyclopedia
Americana. 15th ed. Encyclopedia article-unsigned (begin with the article's heading) "India." Encyclpaedia Britannica:
Macropaedia. 1995 ed. Click here for a printer-ready version of this section in Word format The bibliography --the final item in a term paper-is a formal list of all the sources used in your research. Sources of all types appear together in this list, simply arranged in alphabetical order according to the first letter of each entry. Note that the first line of each entry begins at the left-hand margin, while any following lines are indented. (Use your computer's "Hanging Indent" feature.) The following models show current MLA format for electronic source material, including Internet items. Internet Material Internet material can be difficult to cite due to all the variations in the format of websites. The following basic pattern is followed, but it is often necessary to omit items that are not available.
The following models illustrate how this pattern can be modified to cite different types of Internet sources, including organizations' websites, scholarly projects, and databases: A scholarly project: in this case, an editor is named, the information is dated, and the sponsoring institution is identified Victorian Women Writers Project. Ed.
Claire C. Moody. 1999. Indiana State University. 2 Feb. 2002
<http://www.indianasu.edu/ eng/vwwpro>. A specific, titled item from a website: in this case, the author is named, but the material is not dated and no organization is mentioned Pond, Judith A. "Women from Canada's Past."
Women in History. 17 Dec. 20 <http://www .niagrara.com/
merrwill>. A separate, titled item from a website (no author, no date, but the organization is indicated) "Provinces and Territories." Canadian
Confederation. National Library of Canada. 20 Mar. 2002
<http://ncl-bnc.ca/2/18/h18-2100-e.html>. Item originally from a periodical accessed through a library's Internet subscription service Jones, Owen. "Learning to Listen." Early
Education May 2000: 76-82. ProQuest. Dawson Library, Montreal. 2
Mar. 2002 <http://www.umi.com/proquest>. An article from an Internet encyclopedia "Iceland." Britannica Online. 29 Mar.
2002 <http://search.eb.com>. From an Internet magazine article: name of magazine is underlined, followed by issue date, then downloading date and address Pease, Lisa. "Sirhan and the RFK Assassination."
Probe Mar.- Apr. 1998. 20 Dec. 2001
<http://www.webcom.com/ctha/pr398-rfk.html>. An article from an Internet journal: volume and issue numbers follow the journal title, then issue date (in parentheses) and download date. Thanasoulas, D. " Teaching Culture in the ESL
Classroom." Radical Pedagogy 3.3 (Dec. 2001). 15 Jan. 2002
<http://Radical
Pedagogy.icaap.org/archive.htm>. Other Electronic Sources Item from a CD or DVD (item's heading, followed by the CD/DVD title; entry ends with city, publisher, and date) "The Chemistry of Pollution." Magill's Survey
of Science. DVD. 2001 ed. Boston: Horizon Educational
Services, 2001. Article from a CD or DVD encyclopedia "Brazil." Encarta. CD-ROM. 2002 Standard
vers. Film (name the director; if appropriate, include producer, writer, performers, etc.) Schindler's List. Dir. Steven Spielberg.
Perf. Liam Neeson, Ben Kingsley.Videocassette. Universal Pictures,
1993. Television or radio program(if appropriate, include narrator, host, director, performers, etc.) "On to Richmond." The Civil War. Dir. Ken
Burns. PBS, 20 Sept. 1999. Click here for a printer-ready version of this section in Word format A reference to a sound recording (voice or music), begins with the performer, the conductor, or the composer depending on which is most relevant for your paper. List the title of the recording, the date of recording (if this is important and different from the year of issue), the artist or artists (performers, conductors, orchestras), the publisher (or label), and the year of issue (if there is no date, write n.d.). Periods follow each item, but place a comma between the manufacturer and the date. If you are NOT referring to a compact disc, indicate the medium before the publisher’s name: Audiocassette, Audiotape, or LP (long-playing vinyl record). Underline titles of recordings, but do not underline or enclose in quotation marks the titles of musical compositions identified only by form, number, and key (such as classical music). If you need more information or further models, see the MLA Handbook in the Reference Section of the library, ask your teacher, or visit the Learning Centre. Heading for an MLA bibliography: Works Cited (centre it at the top of the page) Basic Format for a Recording:
Typical entries for music or voice Dutoit, Charles, cond. Symphony no. 6 “Pathetique.” By Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky. Montreal Symphony Orchestra. Universal, 1992. Eaton, Trevor, narr. Beowulf - Unabridged & Read in Anglo-Saxon. Pearl, 1998 Fitzgerald, Ella. Pure Ella. Decca. 1994 Goodman, Benny, cond. Benny Goodman Orch. Live at Carnegie Hall: 40th Anniversary Concert. Rec. 17 Jan. 1978. LP. London, 1978. Lang, K.D. Hymns of the 49th Parallel. Nonesuch, 2004. Morricone, Ennio. Music for Cinema Paradiso. DRG, 1989. Peterson, Oscar. Night Train.. Audiocassette. Universal, 1962. Young, Neil. Harvest. LP. Reprise, 1972. If you are citing a specific song, place its title in quotation marks. Lang, K.D. “Hallelujah.” By Leonard Cohen. Hymns of the 49th Parallel. Nonesuch, 2004. Regina, Elis, and Carlos Jobim. “Corcovado.” Elis & Tom. LP. Universal, 1974. If you are citing the libretto (for an opera), a booklet, liner notes, or other material that may accompany a sound recording, start with the author’s name (if available), a description of the material (Libretto), the title of the material (if any), and then include the usual bibliographic information for a recording. Berlioz, Hector. Libretto. Les Troyens. Music by Hector Berlioz. Montreal Symphony Orchestra. Cond. Charles Dutoit. Universal, 1998. Schecter, David. “This Island Earth.” Booklet. This Island Earth. By Shamall. Radio Symphony Orchestra of Slovakia. Cond. Masatoshi Mitsumoto. Monstrous, 1997. Gavin, James. Liner notes. Pure Ella. Decca. 1994
Source: Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 5th ed. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1999. |
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